移民 (imin)

 

1. Today's Japanese words

Here's some Japanese vocabulary about immigration with romaji:

**General Terms:**

* **移民 (imin)** - imin (immigrant)

* **移住 (ijū)** - ijū (emigration)

* **入国 (nyūkoku)** - nyūkoku (entry into a country)

* **出国 (shutsugoku)** - shutsugoku (exit from a country)

* **査証 (sahō)** - sahō (visa)

* **不法滞在 (fuhōtaizai)** - fuhōtaizai (illegal stay)

* **難民 (nanmin)** - nanmin (refugee)

**Immigration Process:**

* **入国審査 (nyūkoku shinsa)** - nyūkoku shinsa (immigration control)

* **パスポート (pasupoーto)** - pasupoーto (passport)

* **在留資格 (zairyū shikaku)** - zairyū shikaku (status of residence)

* **許可 (kyoka)** - kyoka (permission)

* **更新 (kōshin)** - kōshin (renewal)

**Places & Organizations:**

* **入管 (nyūkan)** (abbreviation for **)入国管理局 (nyūkoku kanri kyoku)** - nyūkoku kanri kyoku (Immigration Bureau)

* **税関 (zeikan)** - zeikan (customs)

**Phrases:**

* **ビザが切れる (びざがきれる)** - bizaga kireiru (visa expires)

* **入国できますか (にゅうこくできますか)** - nyūkoku dekimasu ka (Can I enter the country?)

* **滞在期間はどのくらいですか (たいざいきかんはどのくらいですか)** - taizaikikan wa dono kurai desu ka (How long is my stay?)

2. Today's topic

Japanese overseas immigration has a long and complex history, but it really took off in the late 19th century. Here's a quick timeline:

**Early Movements (Pre-1868):**

* There are records of some Japanese emigration as early as the 15th century, particularly to the Philippines. 

* However, large-scale movement wasn't possible due to Japan's isolationist policies.

**Meiji Restoration and Beyond (1868-1945):**

* In 1868, Japan's seclusion ended, opening the door for emigration. 

* The very next year, the first major wave of Japanese immigrants went to Hawaii to work on sugar plantations. 

* The U.S. and Canada also became popular destinations, with over 400,000 Japanese people migrating there between 1886 and 1911. 

* South America followed, with Brazil and Peru attracting immigrants in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.

**Colonial Emigration:**

* During Japan's colonial period (roughly 1895-1945), many Japanese moved to Korea, Taiwan, Manchuria, and other occupied territories. 

* Unlike emigrants to the Americas who faced discrimination, these Japanese settlers held a higher social status in the colonies. 

**Post-WWII:**

* Emigration slowed significantly after World War II, with Japan focusing on rebuilding its economy. 

* However, there has been a steady stream of Japanese emigrants in recent decades, with many going to other developed countries like Australia and the United States.

**Legacy:**

* Today, there are an estimated 3.8 million Japanese and people of Japanese descent (Nikkei) living outside of Japan. 

* The largest populations are found in Central and South America, reflecting the early 20th century migration patterns.

3- Today’s news

Little Tokyo in L.A. listed as endangered but hanging in there

https://www.asahi.com/sp/ajw/articles/15296998

Kishida, Modi agree to enhance ties across wider range of fields

https://mainichi.jp/english/articles/20240615/p2g/00m/0in/006000c